Theism: the belief in God (or gods).
Monotheism: The belief that only ONE deity exists, examples: Christianity, Islam.
Fideism: belief in God by Faith, or by Faith alone.
Polytheism: the belief in multiple deities, typical from late Neolithic through the Bronce Age, examples: Hinduism, Taoism, Shinto, SanterĂa.
Pantheism: the belief that God is synonymous with the the real universe. Famous pantheist philosophers: Baruch Spinoza, Giordano Bruno.
Deism: God crated the universe, but doesn't intervene with it. It seems that Deism was accepted by many important figures during the Anglo-saxon enlightenment, i.e., Locke, Paine, Jefferson, Hume (though he had atheist leanings). Montaigne, Voltaire, Montesquieu et al were French deists.
Atheism: the non-belief in deities. Some atheist don't disregard the possibility of a God in the future.
Agnosticism: the suspension of belief regarding deities.
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